Preparation or size for silk, artificial silk or other fiber



Patented Sept. 12, "1933 times sT Es PBEPARATIo on SIZE FOR .jSILK, ARTI- FICIAL SILK on THER FIBER Auguste Firmin Galvin, Lyon, France 'f No Drawing; Application June 25; 1926,. Serial No. 118,612, and in France July 4, 1925 1 clai (Cl. 134 -18) This invention relates to an improved sizing preparation for textile fibers and more especially for silk or artificial silk fibers, whichfacili tates subsequent operations, of the type employ- 5 ing a refined drying oil or light varnish.

' The object of the inventionis the formation of a sizing preparation which is substantially nonacid in its composition and hence will not burn or damage the fibers being treated when applied thereto, and one which is soluble in the solvent used for removing the size from textiles, and hence can be completely removed in the degreasing or boiling operations which accompany the dyeing.

Known processes based on the employment of boiled linseed oil do not possess these advantages. In practice after a certain time silk so treated sticks together and turns strongly yellow or is not completely desized for dyeing. These disadvantages arise from the use of metallic dryers, litharge, manganese compounds or the like,

being employed alone or in combination and to the extent of 4 to 7% of the weight of the oil. After boiling these dryers render the oil acid and turn it brown, nearly to a dark maroon color, the acidity tending to burn the silk and the color preventing the forming of a clear liquid.

According to the invention a drying preparation for use in the preparation "of a size for texl tile fibers comprises cobalt acetate, cobalt .oleate or cobalt resinate mixed with linseed oil and boiled and then added to a refined oil or extra light varnish.

The following is an example of a drying oil produced in accordance with the invention.

25 grams of a dryer such as cobalt acetate,v

cobalt oleate or cobalt resinate are mixed with 200-500 grams of linseed oil-the mixture being then boiled and added to 100 kilograms of refined 40. oil or extra light varnish or 150 grams of cobalt acetate, cobalt oleate or cobalt resinate in the form of a stiff paste, are added to the 100 kilograms of refined oil. These quantities may be lessened if. desired. The dryer may be mixed with a In this way a drying preparation is obtained which is practically non-acid from the fact that it contains only a very small quantity ofdryer which will not burn the silk. This oil is but very slightly colored having merely a champagne tint which enables a very clear liquid to be obtained.

The acidity of the bath and the dark color of ordinary linseed oil given by an ordinary dryer is diminishedby adding five and a half parts of refined ,oil or extra light varnish without dryer -for each part of ordinary boiled linseed oil.

In this way the quantityof acid is six and a half times less and the dark color iscleared and approaches that of refined oil. The mixture may finish it is desired to obtain, either lustrous or 75.

otherwise. The following example is found to give a good result. Petrol or benzine 2,000 cubic centimeters A drying oil produced as above described Crude ordinary China 1,000 cubic centimeters so wood 011;. 500 cubic centimeters Soap, benzine, light mineral oil l 100 cubic centimeters Petroleum jelly or olive oil 100 cubic centimeters Grease, lanoline or tallow 30 grams Wax 30 grams If a very pliable size is required the China wood oil is omitted and the proportion of petrol or benzine reduced to 1300 cubic centimeters. 9Q

If ordinary dryers, that is an oil treated or boiled with litharge or manganese are added, in addition, only one sixth or one ninth of the amount normally employed is used and the acidity of this small quantity is neutralized by the presence of the olive oil and tallow, thus only 650 gramswould be boiled with three litres of linseed oil. The refined oil and dryer can be mixed hot or cold.

The linseed oil, cobalt acetate, cobalt oleate or cobalt resinate are first mixed together, then cooked. His only after cooking that they are added to the, refined oil or extra light varnish.

By refined oil is understood an oil of the kind used in the printing industry. Such oils are usually used right along in commerce. A printing oil is a linseed oil cooked without siccative, that is, in the absence of all products such as for example litharge or manganese, or other siccative.

According to whether this linseed oil is more extra strong varnish is obtained which presents a very thick aspect (like glue).

In treating certain delicate silks or for obtaining a very strong sizing a first thin coat is applied of stiff glue, dextrine, casein,'baked starch, gelatine or a gum.

This first sizing prevents the thread from having the oil dryer applied directly thereon.

In certain cases after sizing the fabric may be treatedin'a softening bath of either olive oil, castor oil or mineral oil or of benzine soluble soap, grease, lanoline, tallow or dilute Japan wax in petrol or benzine.

In a light softening bath, color of any shade can be added according to the shade desired for the sizing.

Treatment is effected byimmersing the material in the sizing bath the time varying according to the nature, from five to thirty minutes.

After treatment the material is hung in the air to dry and then dried in a warm chamber 'the'alkaline solvent used for removing size from textiles, comprising a. boiled mixture of cobalt drier and linseed oil in substantially the proportions of from 200 to 500 grams of linseed oil and substantially 25 grams of cobalt drier and 100 kilograms of boiled linseed oil free from driers.

AUGUSTE FIRMIN GALVIN. 

